Applications of ChatGPT in Higher Education, Research and Development

ChatGPT in Search engine and library (I)

3.1. Search engine and library

In recent years, there has been a significant growth in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various fields. One of the areas where AI has shown great potential is in the field of search engines and libraries. ChatGPT, a large language model trained by OpenAI, is an AI tool that has the potential to revolutionize the way we search for information and access library resources [1]. ChatGPT is a powerful tool that can be used to find information on a wide variety of topics. It is still under development, but it has the potential to revolutionize the way we search for information [2]. The advanced AI model can be used as a search engine for multipurpose such as general, academic, and question & answer search engines, libraries, and databases.

Figure 2: ChatGPT's applications in search engine and library.

3.1.1 General search engine

ChatGPT can be used in search engines to improve user search experience [3]. Traditional search engines rely on keywords and algorithms to provide relevant search results [4]. However, these methods are not always accurate and can often lead to irrelevant search results. ChatGPT, on the other hand, can understand natural language queries and provide more accurate and relevant search results [5]. ChatGPT can also help users in refining their search queries by asking follow-up questions and providing suggestions based on the user’s search history and preferences [6]. Therefore, it can help users find the information they need more quickly and efficiently. ChatGPT can be used as a search engine in a number of ways such as to find information on a specific topic, compare different sources of information, and find information that is not easily accessible through traditional search engines (figure 3).

Figure 3. ChatGPT response to: Please give me the factors with examples to consider when choosing a laptop for engineering students.

3.1.2 Academic search engine

One of the most significant ways AI models can be used to transform academic search engines is by improving the accuracy and relevance of search results. ChatGPT is trained on a massive dataset of text and code, which allows it to understand the nuances of human language. ChatGPT has some of the potential benefits than traditional academic search engines such as:

• Improved accuracy: ChatGPT can generate more accurate search results than traditional academic search engines because ChatGPT is trained on a massive dataset of text and code, which allows it to understand the nuances of human language.
• Improved relevance: the advanced AI model can generate more relevant search results than traditional academic search engines because ChatGPT can learn about a user's interests and preferences over time.
• Increased interactivity: ChatGPT can make academic search engines more interactive by answering user questions, providing summaries of research papers, and even generating new research ideas.

In addition to improving the accuracy and relevance of search results, ChatGPT can also be used to personalize the search experience. ChatGPT can learn about interests and preferences over time and use this information to generate more relevant search results [7]. One of the key advantages of using ChatGPT as an academic search engine is its ability to understand and generate complex queries. Traditional academic search engines (such as Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, and RefSeek) rely on Boolean operators and keywords, which can be limiting and time consuming [8]. ChatGPT, on the other hand, can process more nuanced queries, taking into account context and intent, which can lead to more accurate and relevant results (figure 4).

Furthermore, ChatGPT can also provide users with personalized recommendations based on their search history and preferences [9]. This function can be particularly useful for researchers looking for new sources of information or trying to expand their knowledge in a specific area. Another advantage of using ChatGPT as an academic search engine is its ability to identify and extract key information from academic papers and articles. It can analyze the text of a document and extract important concepts and ideas, which can be particularly useful when conducting reviews of the literature or trying to find relevant sources for a research project. Therefore, ChatGPT can also be used to make academic search engines more interactive. ChatGPT is a powerful tool that has the potential to transform academic search engines. By improving the accuracy, relevance, and interactivity of search results, ChatGPT can help users find information about various academic disciplines, topics, and concepts more quickly and easily.

Figure 4. ChatGPT response to: Find the best research articles and patents related to synthesis graphene oxide and its applications in construction. and include references.